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- Jatinder Kaur Katnoria
- Kawaljeet Singh
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- Satish Gupte
- Prerna Aggrawal
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- Manju Arora
- Mandeep Kaur
- Prerna Aggarwal
- Ashwini Manhas
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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Kaur, Maninder
- Evaluation of Mutagenic Potential of Food Dye (Apple Green)
Abstract Views :514 |
PDF Views:175
Authors
Affiliations
1 Dept. of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, IN
1 Dept. of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 3, No 12 (2010), Pagination: 1208-1209Abstract
Food dyes are the vital constituents of food enhancing the aesthetic appeal of it by providing different colours. But synthetic dyes contained different heavy metals like lead, mercury, arsenic, copper, nickel, manganese, cobalt etc. which on the other hand are known mutagens/carcinogens. Considering the alarming mutagenic and carcinogenic potential of food dyes, the present study was planned to evaluate the mutagenic effect of apple green, the most widely used food dye, by confectioners in pista burfi, candies, cakes, ice creams, pasteries, jellies and cold drinks. The dye was purchased from local market and was of Ajanta make. This dye is a blend of sodium chloride, tartrazine and brilliant blue. Different concentrations of the dye ranging from 25 μg to 2500 μg/0.1 ml culture were prepared by using sterile double distilled water. The mutagenic effects of prepared extract were estimated employing Ames test using two tester strains TA98 and TA100 of Salmonella typhimurium. It was observed that the dye was moderately mutagenic at higher concentrations in Salmonella strain TA100 and non mutagenic in TA98.Keywords
Salmonella, Ames Test, Mutagenicity, Tatrazine, Brilliant BlueFull Text
References
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- Khanna SK and Das M (1991) Toxicity, carcinogenic potential and clinical epidemiological studies on dyes intermediates. J. Sci. Ind. Res. 50, 964-974.
- Khanna SK, Singh GB and Singh SB (1973) Non-permitted colours in food and their toxicity. J. Food. Sci. Technol. 10, 33- 36.
- Maron DM and Ames BN (1983) Revised method for Salmonella mutagenicity test. Mutat. Res. 113, 175-215.
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- Sharma A and Goyal RP (2005) Haemotoxic effects of chocolate brown, a commonly used blend of permitted food colour on Swiss albino mice. Asian J. Exp. Sci. 19, 93-103.
- Sharma, A., Goyal, R.P., Chakarvarty, G and Sharma, S. (2008). Homotoxic effect of chocolate brown, a commonly used blend of permitted food colours on swiss Albino mice. Asian Exp. Med. 19, 93-103.
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- An Intelligent Solution Archive Based Evolutionary Approach for Digital Circuit Layout
Abstract Views :472 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 School of Mathematics and Applications, Thapar University, Patiala–147004
2 University Computer Center, Punjabi University, Patiala–147701.
1 School of Mathematics and Applications, Thapar University, Patiala–147004
2 University Computer Center, Punjabi University, Patiala–147701.
Source
International Journal of Computational Intelligence Research, Vol 9, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 31-36Abstract
In recent years storing the visited solutions during evolutionary process is becoming one of leading topic in the area of research which guarantees that the algorithm will never get trapped to local optimum. This paper focuses on solving the min cut balanced partitioning problem for digital circuit layout using a solution archive which stores efficiently all visited solutions during the evolutionary process and at same time intelligently transforming the revisited solutions into yet unvisited feasible solutions giving balanced weighted partitions.Keywords
Binary Trie, Partitioning, Hypergraph, Net Cut, Crossover
References
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- Kaur, M., Singh, Kawaljeet " On solving Mincut Balanced Circuit Partitioning Problem for Digital Circuit Layout using Evolutionary Approach with Solution Archive", International Journal of Computer Applications, Volume 62, No.14, January 2013 pp. 39-41.
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- M. Sait, Aiman H. El-Maleh, Rush H. Al-Abuji: Simulated evolution algorithm for multiobjective VLSI netlist bi-partitioning. ISCAS (5) 2003, pp. 457-460.
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- Nanobacteria - Present Status and Role in Human Diseases
Abstract Views :185 |
PDF Views:217
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Microbiology, Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital, Punjab, 140601, IN
2 Department of Microbiology, GianSagar Medical College and Hospital, Banur, Punjab, IN
1 Department of Microbiology, Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital, Punjab, 140601, IN
2 Department of Microbiology, GianSagar Medical College and Hospital, Banur, Punjab, IN
Source
SMU Medical Journal, Vol 2, No 2 (2015), Pagination: 241-248Abstract
The status of nanobacteria has been controversial, with some researchers suggesting they are a new class of living organism and others attributing to them a simpler, abiotic nature. They appear to be ubiquitous entities found in living and non-living substrates. Research has suggested that nanobacteria could be the cause of a wide variety of diseases, from kidney stones to atherosclerosis.Full Text
References
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- An overview on clinical implications of nanobacteria.Kumar CA, Bagga MB, Mohan V and Raghav N. (2011) J of Indian Academy of oral medicine and radiology,July 23(3)S354-359
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- Aloisi G. (2008) An alternative origin for nanobacteria in kidney stones.Bioscience Hypotheses 1, 138e141
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- Non-Fermenters - Emerging Health Care Pathogens
Abstract Views :225 |
PDF Views:162
Authors
Mandeep Kaur
1,
Satish Gupte
2,
Maninder Kaur
1,
Prerna Aggarwal
1,
Ashwini Manhas
1,
Manju Bala
1,
Tanveer Kaur
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Microbiology, Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital, Rajpura, IN
2 Department of Microbiology, GianSagar Medical College and Hospital, Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital, Rajpura, IN
1 Department of Microbiology, Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital, Rajpura, IN
2 Department of Microbiology, GianSagar Medical College and Hospital, Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital, Rajpura, IN
Source
SMU Medical Journal, Vol 2, No 2 (2015), Pagination: 266-277Abstract
Aerobic nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli (nonfermenters) are a heterogeneous group of organisms that are either incapable of utilizing carbohydrates as a source of energy or degrade them via oxidative rather than fermentative pathway. These organisms are common inhabitants of soil and water. Nonfermenters can cause a vast variety of infections and account for approximately 15%of all Gram negative bacilli cultured from clinical specimens. Their infection are endogenous or exogenous origin, depending on several factor such as use of immunosuppressant substance, abusive use of wide spectrum antimicrobial agents, prolong surgical procedure and inadequate instrumentation. Pseudomonas cause endocarditis, osteomyelitis, urinary tract infections, gastrointestinal infections, meningitis, and, commonly septicaemia. Acinetobacter has emerged as an important nosocomial organism causing infectious outbreaks in critically ill patients leading to high mortality and morbidity. Burkholderia cepacia shows fast growth on immune-depleted patients - like cystic fibrosis patients (CFPs). Sphingomonas paucimobilis can produce biofilms or attach to preexisting biofilms, where they become integrated and survive for days. Most infections caused by nonfermenters have been nosocomial, often related to contamination of hospital equipment or fluids and have occurred in immunocompromised hosts. Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli are innately resistant to many antibiotics and are known to produced extrended spectrum β-lactmases and metallo β-lactmases. This review article highlights the different clinical conditions caused by the nonfermenters.Keywords
Nonfermenters, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia cepacia, Acinetobacter, Sphingobacterium.Full Text
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- Clinical Significance of Viral Diagnosti
Abstract Views :161 |
PDF Views:140
Authors
Nitya Batra
1,
Satish Gupte
1,
Prerna Aggarwal
1,
Maninder Kaur
1,
Ashwini Manhas
1,
Manju Bala
1,
Ravi Kumar
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Microbiology, GianSagar Medical College and Hospital, Banur, Punjab, IN
1 Department of Microbiology, GianSagar Medical College and Hospital, Banur, Punjab, IN
Source
SMU Medical Journal, Vol 2, No 1 (2015), Pagination: 291-298Abstract
Diagnostics in virology has become a very important tool in both diagnosis and prognosis of a disease. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of an infection should enhance patient outcome by enabling early initiation of appropriate therapy and thus implementation of relevant infection-control measures. Virological diagnostic methods may be implemented as adjuncts to the epidemiologic investigation of infectious disease outbreaks.Thus, paving a way for the development of newer antiviral drugs. Molecular diagnostics has helped in overcoming the various challenges and has helped the clinicians in determining the appropriate therapy to be initiated.Full Text
- Ebola Virus Vaccines
Abstract Views :232 |
PDF Views:121
Authors
Nitya Batra
1,
Satish Gupte
1,
Prerna Aggarwal
1,
Maninder Kaur
1,
Ashwini Manhas
1,
Manju Bala
1,
Ravi Kumar
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Microbiology, GianSagar Medical College and Hospital, Banur, Punjab, IN
1 Department of Microbiology, GianSagar Medical College and Hospital, Banur, Punjab, IN
Source
SMU Medical Journal, Vol 2, No 1 (2015), Pagination: 330-334Abstract
Ebola hemorrhagic fever, an extremely fatal viral disease is caused by Ebola virus. The African subcontinent is experiencing the most fatal epidemic caused by this virus. Recently, a few cases have been detected outside Africa. Thus, this is of concern and has alerted World Health Organization (WHO). Currently there is no cure for Ebola, nor is there a vaccine approved yet for human use. A few vaccines are under clinical trials. Thus, there needs to be an integrated approach in prevention of this fatal disease by an effective vaccine formation.Full Text
- Current Concept of New-Delhi Metallo Beta Lactamases (NDM)
Abstract Views :225 |
PDF Views:171
Authors
Ravikant
1,
Satish Gupte
2,
Prerna Aggarwal
1,
Maninder Kaur
3,
Ashwini Manhas
1,
Manju Arora
1,
Mrinangka Dev
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Microbiology, Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital, Banur, Punjab, IN
2 Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital, IN
3 Department of Microbiology, Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital, Banur, Punjab
1 Department of Microbiology, Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital, Banur, Punjab, IN
2 Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital, IN
3 Department of Microbiology, Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital, Banur, Punjab
Source
SMU Medical Journal, Vol 1, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 88-101Abstract
The emergence of superbugs intermittently has always been a global threat for control and treatment of infectious disease caused by them over many decades which influence human population with their mutated genetic make-up and mechanics of resistance. However, bacteria have been developing resistance to antibiotics since they were introduced in 1930s. From the year 1961 till date, among some of the more common superbugs are methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB and XDR-TB). The latest superbug encodes the gene for New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM-1) is an enzyme that can hydrolyze and inactivate carbapenems, which are used as a last resort for the treatment of multi-resistant bacterial infection. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae commonly expresses the gene for NDM-1 moreover NDM-2 in Acinetobacter baumannii, NDM-4, NDM-5, NDM- 6, NDM-7 and NDM-8 from E.coli and other Enterobacteriaceae also have been reported. Research is on to develop new classes of antibiotic to handle these threats and it is worrying as there are very limited therapeutics available in the development pipeline that works effectively in the current situation.Full Text
- Microbial Biofilms
Abstract Views :407 |
PDF Views:157
Authors
Mrinangka Deb
1,
Satish Gupte
2,
Prerna Aggarwal
1,
Maninder Kaur
1,
Ashwini Manhas
1,
Manju Bala
1,
Ravi Kant
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Microbiology, Gian Sagar Medical College and Hospital (GSMCH), Punjab-140601, IN
2 Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital, IN
1 Department of Microbiology, Gian Sagar Medical College and Hospital (GSMCH), Punjab-140601, IN
2 Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital, IN
Source
SMU Medical Journal, Vol 1, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 116-127Abstract
Biofilm formation constitutes an alternative lifestyle in which microorganisms adopt a multicellular behavior that facilitates and/or prolongs survival in diverse environmental niches. Biofilms form on biotic and abiotic surfaces both in the environment and in the healthcare setting. In hospital wards, the formation of biofilms on vents and medical equipment enables pathogens to persist as reservoirs that can readily spread to patients. Inside the host, biofilms allow pathogens to subvert innate immune defenses and are thus associated with long-term persistence. This review describes the process of biofilm formation its composition and virulence and the role it plays in the pathogenisis of various infections mostly chronic. The review also makes an attempt to describe antimicrobial biofilm control.Full Text
- Nutritional Status of Private and Government School Going Adolescent Males
Abstract Views :201 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Home Science, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, IN
1 Department of Home Science, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 47, No 12 (2010), Pagination: 533-539Abstract
Adolescence is a time of opportunities as well as vulnerabilities to risk associated behavior that can have life long consequences for health and well being. It is considered as a nutritionally vulnerable period of life for several reasons. Adolescence is an intense anabolic period when requirements for all nutrients increase. During this phase, 20 per cent of final adult height and 50 per cent of adult weight are attained, bone mass increases 45 per cent and dramatic bone remodeling occur and soft tissues, organs and even red blood cell mass increase in size, increasing nutrients as well as responsibilities and problems, changing of life style and food habits, doubt about body image, peer pressure, greater demand for independence and other behavioral changes affect eating patterns among adolescents.- Color Image Segmentation Based on Threshold Selection
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication, R.I.E.I.T, Railmajra, Punjab, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication, R.B.C.E.B.W., Sahora, Mohali, IN
1 Department of Electronics and Communication, R.I.E.I.T, Railmajra, Punjab, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication, R.B.C.E.B.W., Sahora, Mohali, IN
Source
Digital Image Processing, Vol 3, No 11 (2011), Pagination: 673-678Abstract
Color image segmentation can be seen as an extension of the grayscale image segmentation. In order to provide basic data for image recognition and image segmentation, this paper studies the image under consideration based on the threshold selection method, Otsu (named after Nobuyuki Otsu). Firstly, pre-processing operation is carried out on the unprocessed original image. Then, we select The L*a*b* color space as the optimum color space for image segmentation, the color image of RGB color space is transformed to L*a*b* color space. Next, the channels of color space are separated and then a single channel is selected after which two-dimension Otsu segmentation is carried out based on the selected channel. This proposed method automatically performs histogram-shape based image thresholding. Experiments show that Otsu method will lead to a correct threshold value and yield an ideal result in segmentation with small computation time.Keywords
Color Image Segmentation, Color Space, Grayscale Image Segmentation, Otsu, Threshold Selection.- Medical Image Enhancement Using Particle Swarm Optimization
Abstract Views :175 |
PDF Views:6
Authors
Affiliations
1 Rayat Institute of Engineering and Information Technology, Railmajra, Distt. SBS Nagar, IN
2 Rayat Institute of Engineering and Information Technology, Railmajra, Distt SBS Nagar, IN
1 Rayat Institute of Engineering and Information Technology, Railmajra, Distt. SBS Nagar, IN
2 Rayat Institute of Engineering and Information Technology, Railmajra, Distt SBS Nagar, IN
Source
Artificial Intelligent Systems and Machine Learning, Vol 2, No 5 (2010), Pagination: 54-59Abstract
Histogram equalization (HE) is the basic and most common method for enhancing the contrast in the image and produces the unnatural image. But the disadvantage of this method is that it causes indiscriminate and increases the contrast of background noise while decreasing the usable image. This paper introduces the Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for enhancing the medical image naturally. To enhance the contrast and detail in the image using PSO an objective fitness function is defined which is related to intensity, sum of edge pixel and entropy of the enhanced image. We compared our method with histogram equalization (one of the automatic enhancement technique). The results obtained shows the superiority of our method in objective evolution.Keywords
Image Enhancement, Particle Swarm Optimization.- Testing of CMOS OTA Using Combined Oscillation and IDDQ Test Methodology
Abstract Views :166 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Guru Tegh Bahadur Institute of Technology, Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi, IN
2 Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women, Kashmere Gate, New Delhi, IN
1 Guru Tegh Bahadur Institute of Technology, Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi, IN
2 Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women, Kashmere Gate, New Delhi, IN
Source
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology, Vol 5, No 10 (2016), Pagination: 471-476Abstract
In this paper, a technique integrating Oscillation and IDDQ based test methodology for two stage CMOS operational transconductance amplifier is presented. The approach is attractive for its simplicity, robustness of oscillation based test technique that needs no test signal generation and combines it with quiescent supply current testing which utilized the built in current sensor to monitor quiescent current changes without performance degradation of the circuit under test. Both short and open faults are detected by this test methodology. Simulation results for two stage operational transconductance amplifier using a 0.18μm n-well CMOS technology show that the proposed combined test strategy has 100% fault coverage and capability of built-in-self test implementation. It can also be used as generalized test structure for other CMOS analog and mixed-signal integrated circuits.Keywords
Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA), Circuit Under Test (CUT), Monte-Carlo Simulation, Faults, OTM, BICS.Full Text
- To Assess Hepatic Function (LFTs), Serum Iron and TIBC in Thalassemia Major Children
Abstract Views :233 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pediatrics, Govt. Medical College Patiala, IN
2 Department Of Biochemistry, Govt. Medical College Patiala, IN
1 Department of Pediatrics, Govt. Medical College Patiala, IN
2 Department Of Biochemistry, Govt. Medical College Patiala, IN
Source
The Indian Practitioner, Vol 71, No 3 (2018), Pagination: 29-33Abstract
The present study is a type of case control study. The objective of the study is to determine liver function (LFTs), S.Iron and TIBC in 100 blood transfused, Beta Thalassemic children attending thalassemia unit, Rajindra Hospital, Patiala. Iron overload as suggested by increase in S. Iron and decreased TIBC levels leads to liver dysfunction manifested by deranged liver function tests in thalassemia major children.Keywords
Thalassemia, Hemoglobinopathies, TIBC.References
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- Modell B, Khan M, Darlison M. Survival in beta-thalassaemia major in the UK: data from the UK Thalassaemia Register. Lancet. 2000;355:2051–2.
- Olivieri NF, Nathan DG, MacMillan JH, Wayne AS, Liu PP, McGee A, Martin M, Koren G, Cohen AR. Survival in medically treated patients with homozygous betathalassemia. N Engl J Med. 1994;331:574 –8.
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- Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB, Thalassaemia - a global public health problem. Nat Med 1996:2,847-9.
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- Hershko C, Konijn AM, Link G. Iron chelators for thalassaemia. Br J Haematol 1998; 101: 399 - 406.
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- Win LL, Ni H, Sin S, Naing Z. Extremely High Serum Ferritin Levels Associated With Abnormal Liver Function In Multi-Transfused Patients With Beta Thalassemia Major In Myanmar. The Internet Journal of Hematology. 2013;9: 5-8.
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- Sultana N, Sadiya S, Rahman MH. Correlation between Serum bilirubin and serum ferritin level in thalassemia patients. Bangladesh. Med Biochem 2011;4(2):6-12
- Asif M, Manzor Z, Farooq MS, Kanwal A, Shaheen U, Munawar SH et al. Correlation between serum ferritin level and liver function tests in thalassemia patients receiving multiple blood transfussions. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences. Asif M et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2014;2(3): 988-94.
- Patne AB, Hisalkar PJ, Gaikwad SB, Patil SV. Alterations in antioxidant enzyme status with lipid peroxidationin β thalassemia major patients. Int. J of Pharm and Life Sci. 2012;3(10):1-4
- Saral N, Rathore M, Bohra VD, Gupta M. Diagnostic significance of Liver and Renal function tests (LFT&RFT) in Iron overload in patients with β Thalassemia major. International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research 2015; 2(1):27-32.
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- Al-Kataan MA, Al- Shakarchi SD. Changes of some Liver Functions Fests with Regular And Irregular Desferroxamine Therapy in Beta-Thalassemia Patients. Zanco J. Med. Sci.2010;14(1):166-9.
- Kurtoglu AU, Kurtoglu E, Temizkan AK. Effect of iron overload on endocrinopathies in patients with betathalassaemia major and intermedia. Endokrynol Pol. 2012;63(4):260-3
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- Caregiver-Child Relationship in Residential Homes for Children
Abstract Views :259 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 TISS, Mumbai, Maharashtra, IN
1 TISS, Mumbai, Maharashtra, IN
Source
Social Work Chronicle, Vol 8, No 1 (2019), Pagination: 37-60Abstract
Residential homes in India provide an alternative to family-based care for an important number of children in need of care and protection. Children’s relationship within residential homes, especially with their caregivers, has a crucial role to play in their physical and psychological recovery from any traumatic experiences in their past, and in facilitating their cognitive, physical and psycho-social development in general. In view of the relevance of interactions between caregivers and child residents, this study attempted to understand the existing status of caregiver-child relationship in residential homes for children in Delhi. The study followed a Quantitative Paradigm and used Semi-Structured Interview schedule to conduct face-to-face interviews with caregivers working directly with children across 14 residential homes. The research findings captured essential patterns of relationship between caregivers and their children and also established important linkages between the aspects of care-relationship and practices of residential homes with regard to care work. Drawing from findings of the research and insights developed from relevant literature in the national and international domain, the study brings out recommendations towards strengthening caregiver-child relationship in residential homes.
Keywords
Caregiver-Child Relationship, Residential Homes, Children in Need of Care and Protection.References
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- Prevalence of Different Types of Anaemias in Patients Having Haemoglobin Below 8 gm%at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Jalandhar
Abstract Views :266 |
PDF Views:113
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pathology, Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Punjab Medical Council, Jalandhar – 144001, Punjab, IN
1 Department of Pathology, Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Punjab Medical Council, Jalandhar – 144001, Punjab, IN
Source
International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences, Vol 9, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 1830-1834Abstract
Background: Anemia is a condition in which the hemoglobin concentration in the blood is decreased, below the normal range. Peripheral blood smear examination and Bone marrow examinations are the two major tests done to evaluate anaemia. Materials and Methods: Study was conducted in Department of Pathology at PIMS Jalandhar. Total 100 patients having anemia (HB < 8gm%) was studied using PBF, Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. A random and non-consecutive selection of 100 anemic patients was done amongst the anemic population to study the pattern and causes of anemia. Result: This study showed that females form the majority of patients suffering from anemia. It can be the result of various causes; nutritional deficiency forms the majority of those causes. Conclusion: The present study found out high prevalence of anemia in both males and females. Anemia can be the presenting sign of various disorders which can be evaluated by Bone marrow examination.
Keywords
Anemia, Bone Marrow, Hemoglobin, Prevalence.Full Text
References
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- Opportunities and Challenges faced by Education Sector as a Consequence of COVID-19 Pandemic - A Review
Abstract Views :251 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Assistant Professor, Chandigarh Group of Colleges Landran – 140307, Punjab, IN
1 Assistant Professor, Chandigarh Group of Colleges Landran – 140307, Punjab, IN
Source
ANVESHAK-International Journal of Management, Vol 11, No 1 (2022), Pagination: 31-41Abstract
Many challenges faced by teachers, parents, students and medical students due to COVID-19 pandemic. The transition from classroom teaching to online classes without any plan leads to many opportunities as well as challenges in the education sector. The key challenges in education sector due to COVID-19 are lack of teachers training, students’ motivation, poor internet connectivity and unable to obtain clinical exposure by medical students etc. For many, the transition from tradition classroom to taking classes online has been an easy task because it saves time, less cost, the comfort of taking classes from home and learning tech skills etc. There is emerging need to understand digital resilience.
Keywords
Education, Medical Students, Online Classes, Pandemic, Parents, StudentsReferences
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